review
字根 ped == foot from L.pes
字根 ped == child, education from Gk.paid, pais
c.f
pod-iatrist n.足科醫師 ...o形腿
ped-iatrist n.小兒科醫師
字根 ped == foot
pedal n.腳踏板
pedestal n.柱腳
pedestrian n.行人 adj.單調的
ex-ped-ite v.迅速執行;促進
ex-ped-ition n.遠征; 遠征隊
ex-ped-ition-ary adj.遠征的
ex-ped-itious adj.迅速的
expedience n.權宜之計
expedient n.權宜之計 adj.權宜的
im-pede v.阻礙
im-ped-iment n.阻礙
字根 ped == child
ped-agogue n.喜歡賣弄學問的教師 n.(小學)教師 (or pedagog)
ped-agogy n.教育方法；教育方法論
pedant n.賣弄學問的人;迂腐的教師
ped-o-phil-ia n.【醫】戀童狂(以兒童為對象之色情狂)
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impede
in-ped(foot)-e ["擋在腳邊"-->阻礙]
v.阻礙 [to retard in movement or progress by means of obstacles or hindrances; obstruct; hinder.]
ex. The muddy roads impede our journey.
我們的旅遊被泥濘的道路阻撓了。
impediment
in-ped-i-ment
n.阻礙 [obstruction; hindrance; obstacle.]
ex. The main impediment to development is the country's huge foreign debt.
發展的主要障礙是國家欠下的巨額外債。
n.說話障礙 [any physical defect that impedes normal or easy speech; a speech disorder.]
ex. It's difficult to understand him because he has a speech impediment.
(funny的speech impediment) ......不過我都會聯想到這個
impel
in-pel(drive) [pel:內心的推]
v.激勵;驅使 [to drive or cause to move onward; propel]
ex. I was impelled by events to take a stand (採取某種立場).
impending
in-pend(掛)-ing ["已經掛上了的，箭在弦上了的"-->即將發生的]
adj.即將發生的 [ about to happen; imminent ]
ex. Anxiety refers to the emotional state elicited by signals of impending punishment.
焦慮不安是指由於出現迫在眉睫的、懲罰的徵兆而產生的情緒狀況。
ex. The terror of impending slaughter pervaded the house.
裁減工人迫在眉睫，恐怖氣氛籠罩整幢樓房。
impenetrable
in-pen-enter-able
adj.不能穿過的;不能刺穿的 [not penetrable]
ex. the impenetrable forest
無法通過的森林
ex. a sheet of steel impenetrable by a bullet.
子彈打不穿的鋼板
ps.
penetrable
pen(almost)-etr(enter)-able
adj.可穿透的
penetrate
pen-etr(enter)-ate
v.穿過
ps. 這個字有在sexual上的用法
impenitent
in-penitent(adj.悔過的)
adj.不知悔改的 [not feeling regret about one's sin or sins]
note: penitent，這個字比較討厭，我還沒想到什麼好記的方法...
note: penalty n.處罰 與 penitent有字根上的關連唷 (2017補充)
(關於penitence的一些sculptures) ....or 王菲的執迷不悔 (impenitence)--科科
要講下面這幾組字，我們得從源頭開始講起，先來看到這個字
imperator
n.(古羅馬的)軍事領袖
ps.在西元前四十四年，Caesar 凱撒 , (Gaius) Julius當上了最高司令官--就是imperator這個職位
imper-這個字根的意思就是"command;命令" from L. imperātus
而imperator這個字，是後來是emperor皇帝的的詞源
imperative
imper-ative
adj.必須服從的 [absolutely necessary or required; unavoidable]
adj. 緊急的;極重要的 [requiring attention or action]
ex. It's imperative to act now.
adj. 【語】祈使法的
ex. Listen! Be silent.
Emperor
n.皇帝 [the male sovereign or supreme ruler of an empire]
淺談 Emperor與 King
Emperor這個字是源於imperator(軍事領袖)，在羅馬Emperor是由"投票"出來的唷，由人民和元老院選出來的"將軍"，像Caesar就是這樣。不過後來Octavianus( 屋大維 )--凱撒的義子，經過一連串的鬥爭，從三頭政治獲勝，屋大維得到了Augustus(尊嚴者)的稱號，雖然和元老院一同統治，但實際上是獨裁統治。
而King泛指世襲制度下的一國之主，是代代相傳的。
不過後來西羅馬帝國掛掉了後，擁有Emperor稱號的King，通常在形式上被視為羅馬帝國的繼承者，即羅馬帝國的「合法繼承者」(儘管這對於拜占庭帝國來說有些荒謬)。在中古世紀，若要得到皇帝稱號的歐洲君主，按照慣例要去羅馬由教宗加冕。
Empire
n.帝國 [A political unit having an extensive territory or comprising a number of territories or nations and ruled by a single supreme authority.]
ex. AOE = Age of Empire 世紀帝國
imperial
imper-ial
adj.皇帝(或女皇)的 [of, like, or pertaining to an emperor or empress.]
ex. the imperial life in ancient Egypt.
adj.帝國的
imperious
imper-i-ous(full of sth.)
adj.專橫的;傲慢的 [domineering in a haughty manner; dictatorial]
ex. an imperious officer.
adj.絕對必要的、緊急的 [absolutely necessary or required,urgent, imperative ]
整理
字根imper == command 命令
imperator n.羅馬的軍事領袖
imperative a.必須服從、緊急的
emperor n.帝王
empire n.帝國
imper-ial a.帝王的;帝國的 [of the empire or emperor]
imper-ious a.專橫的;傲慢的 a.絕對必要的、緊急的= imperative
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impermanent
im-permanent
adj.不是永久的;暫時的 [not permanent or enduring; transitory.]
ex. Everything is impermanent.
什麼事都不是永久的。
permanent = per(thoroughly)-man(remain)-ent
ex. permanent residents <-- 你在填線上申請表單一定會看到這個詞
impermeable
adj.不能滲透的 [ not permeable; impassable.]
ex. The external layer of the skin is relatively impermeable to water.
皮膚的外層不透水。
ps.
permeable [permeate-able] adj.能滲透的
permeate [per(through)- meate (L. meatus ;channel) ] v.滲透
impermeability
im-permeability
n.不能滲透的性質
ex. gas impermeability test
氣密性試驗
ps. magnetic permeability ：the degree of magnetization of a material that responds linearly to an applied magnetic field.
μ 0 = 4π×10 −7 N‧A −2
impersonate
in-person-ate
v.模仿 [To imitate the appearance, voice, or manner of; mimic]
ex. an entertainer who impersonates celebrities.
v.模仿(用來騙財) [To assume the character or appearance of, especially fraudulently ]
ex. He was caught trying to impersonate a military officer.
他企圖冒充軍官, 但當場被抓獲.
impertinence
in-pertinence
n.不切題 [absence of pertinence; irrelevance]
n.不適當,傲慢無禮的行為 [absence of adaptedness; insolence .]
pertinence
per(thorough)-tin (hold)-ence ["完完全全的拿著"--->有關係]
n.有關係
有點抽象喔，但是只要想像一下：
你能完全握住的，一定是適當的或是跟你有相關的。
(Handel 的 Impertinence)