imprecise

in-precise  [cise == cut]

adj.不精確的

ex. the terms he used were imprecise and emotional.

impregnable

in-pregn(take)-able

adj.攻不破的 [strong enough to resist or withstand attack]

ex. impregnable attitude on life

ex. The lawyer won his case with an impregnable argument.
律師以攻不破的論據打贏了那場官司。

字源：in- "not" +prenable "assailable, vulnerable," from stem of prendre "to take, grasp, " from L. prehendere (see prehensile).

ps. pregnant [pregn-ant] adj.懷孕的

ex. pregnant woman

impresario

n.【義】( 歌劇 、樂團等的)經理人[a person who organizes or manages public entertainments, esp. operas, ballets, or concerts.]

聯想：impresario長的還滿有impress的味道的，
可以想像成管理那些impress觀眾的歌劇團的經理人。

字源：1746, from It. impresario "operatic manager ," lit. "undertaker (of a business)," from impresa "undertaking ," fem. of impreso, pp. of imprendere "undertake," from V.L. imprendere, from L. in- "onto" + prehendere "to grasp"

impresario是從義大文來的，字的發展是從impresa "undertaking;企業,保證"。

impresario:entertainment＝broker:trade

impress

in-press

v.給...極深的印象 [ to affect deeply or strongly in mind or feelings]

ex. I was very impressed by his story.

impressed

in-press-ed

adj.印象極深的 [deeply  affected or influenced in mind or feelings ]

impression

in-press-ion

n.印象 [ An effect, feeling, or image retained as a consequence of experience.]

ex. make a good impression on sb.

ps.Impressionism = 印象派

impressionable

in-press-ion-able

adj.易受影響的 [easily impressed or influenced; susceptible]

ex. an impressionable youngster.

imprint

in-print

v.壓印 [To produce (a mark or pattern) on a surface by pressure.]

ex. imprint a kiss on the forehead
在額上使勁吻一下

ps.

在心理學中imprint稱做「 銘印現象 」--ex.鳥類動物在破蛋而出後，會把第一個看到的對象當成母親

c.f.

imprint   v.壓印

implant  v.植入

PS.以下這個字，383頁講的比較好，

可以直接跳過這邊，去p.383看那邊的整理。

先來補充幾個字

字根

vis vid == see

-vid系列-

provide   v.提供

provid-ence

n.遠見   //  provid-ent  a.有遠見的  [providing for future needs or events]

n.天意   //  provid-ential  a.根據天意的、幸運的

pro前，vid看：pro-vide向前看。

由"向前看"而指著"往未來看"，

所以有"遠見"的概念，指是防範未然，未雨綢繆之意。

provide的字根構成的意思是"向前看"

它的字義轉化成" 提供 給未來之用 "

providence，為什麼還有"天意"的概念呢

其實它是這樣來的，古代的基督教徒認為未來的事物是上帝所安排好的，

所以providence字根構成之義『在未來看到的東西』就是上帝的安排--天意的意思。

-vis系列-

provision

n.提供  //  provide 的名詞型

n.臨時性的規定、條款

n.食物、糧食

provision-al   adj.臨時的、暫時性的 [providing or serving for the time being only]

provisory     adj.臨時的、暫時性的

adj.有附帶條件的

provision 除了有提供的意思外還有其他兩個意思

其一是 臨時性的規定、條款 。

源於宗教開會討論時，所暫時同意的論點，意思是為了未來討論而暫時同意。

其二是特殊意，當 食物 解。

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improvise

in-pro-vis-e   [沒有事前看過]

v.即興創作 [To invent, compose, or perform with little or no preparation.]

ex. If an actor forgets his words, he has to improvise.

v.即興表演 [To play or sing (music) extemporaneously, especially by inventing variations on a melody or creating new melodies in accordance with a set progression of chords.]

ps. review p.193 c.f extemporize

"How To Improvise Piano Blues Part1 Piano Lesson...超酷!!"

improvised

in-pro-vis-ed

adj.即興創作的、表演的 [made or said without previous preparation]

improvident

in-provident   [not往未來看]

adj.無遠見的 [ not provident; lacking foresight]

ex. Her improvident speech at the meeting has set a stone rolling .
她在會上的發言缺乏遠見，已產生嚴重後果。

imprudent

in-p r ude-ent

adj.不謹慎的;輕率的[not prudent; lacking discretion, rash]

ex. 就是那種"大而化之"的不謹慎的

ex. My imprudent utterances incurred her displeasure.
我的不謹慎的言論招致她的不悅。

ps.

prude

n.過分正經的人 [ One who is excessively concerned with being or appearing to be proper, modest, or righteous. ]

ex. 例如有些人看到男生打耳洞、或女生穿迷你裙就會覺得"不能接受"，覺得一定要穿的像粽子一樣覺得適宜，另外對性過於保守，我們可以稱此種人為prude。

字源：  prude原來是指"wise woman"，不過來到古代的法國，意思變成"過分正經的女人"，引進到英國就變成現在的意思了"過分正經的"。

prude        n.過分正經的人

prudish    adj.過分正經的  [通常ish的形容詞有不較不好的意思]

prudent   adj. 謹慎小心的

imprudent   adj.不謹慎

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impudent

in-pud-ent

adj.放肆無禮的 [Characterized by offensive boldness; insolent or impertinent.]

ex. 比方說被個 impudent boy 掀裙子; 說話沒大沒小的 impudent student.

ex. That impudent boy put his tongue out at me.

c.f

imprudent    adj.不謹慎的  [from  prude n.過分正經的人]

imp.udent    adj.放肆無禮的

把prude的 r ( 牙齒) 私自拿走是放肆無禮的

impugn

in-pugn( L. pugnāre ; to fight)

v.[To attack as false or questionable; challenge in argument]

ex. 如果你 impugn某個人動機、正直，你暗示著某人不是全然誠實的。

ex. to impugn climate-change science based solely on what people wrote in an email.

字源：1325-75; ME impugnen < MF impugner < L impugnāre to attack , equiv. to im- im- 1 + pugnāre to fight , deriv. of pugnus fist

impugn <> champion  v.擁護；支持

ps.1

pugnacious

pugn(fight)-acious

adj.好爭吵的;好戰的 [inclined to quarrel or fight readily; quarrelsome; belligerent]

c.f.

impugn  --意近attack

impinge --意近strike