kin

n.親戚(總稱) [a person's relatives collectively]

ex. all his kin were at the wedding.  [kin都是用plural的唷,就跟people是一樣的]

ex. He is my next of kin.
他是我的近親。

n.親屬關係 [family relationship or kinship.]

adj.親屬關係的 [ of the same family; related; akin .]

 

聯想:日文的「金」的音讀就是唸成kin唷,想像一下有親戚就是有黃金阿!

字源(看看就好):O.E. cyn "family, race, kind, nature," from P.Gmc. *kunjan (cf. O.N. kyn, O.H.G. chunni, Goth. kuni "family, race," O.N. kundr "son," Ger. kind "child"), from PIE *gen- "to produce"

kin 它可以追溯到古英語的 cyn ...可以看到發音是相同的, 它是來自原始日耳曼語的 kunjan ( ps.所以 古挪威語的 kyn 、 古高地德語的 chunni 、 歌德語的 kuni 都是"family, race"的意思,而古挪威語的 kundr 是指"son",德語的 kind 是指"child"...都是源於 kunjan ) ,又可追尋到更早的原始印歐語的 gen "to produce"的意思。

 

 

 

 

 

kindred

kin-d-red [這裡的 d是增音..epenthesis]

n.親戚(總稱) [=kin, a person's relatives collectively.]

ex. Most of his kindred still live in Ireland.
他的親戚大部分仍住在愛爾蘭.

adj.同類的;同源的 [Having a similar or related origin, nature, or character]

ex. English and Dutch are kindred languages.
英語和荷蘭語是同源的語言.

ex.kindred spirits
心靈相通,精神契合...(還滿常用的唷~)

 

字尾-red,是個 native English suffix,表示為某種condition的意思

 

kindred <> dissimilar

 

 

 

 

 

 

kindle

v.點燃 [To catch fire; burst into flame.]

ps. kindle 與 ignite 都可以當作點燃,但kindle會用於比較抽象的地方。

v.激起(熱情等) [to light up, illuminate, or make bright]

ex. The speaker kindled our interest in dinosaurs.
那位演講人引起了我們對恐龍的興趣。

ex. kindle one's imagination.

ex.The sunset kindled the skies.

ps. Amazon 的 kindle e-book reader.

 

字源:kindle的 kin 有含有generate的意思

 

 

 

 

 

 

kinetic

kine-tic

adj.運動的 [pertaining to motion.]

ex. kinetic energy = 動能 1/2mv 2

 

字源: GK. kīnētikos moving, = kine- to move + -tikos suffix

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

knack

n.獨特的技巧、能力 [a special skill, talent, or aptitude]

ex. He has the knack of getting people to listen.

n.訣竅 [a clever or adroit way of doing something.]

 

影片簡介:Dilbert has a knack for enginering

ps. knick knack

knack <> foolishness

 

 

 

 

 

 

knave

n. [an unprincipled, untrustworthy, or dishonest person.]

ex. Once a knave, ever a knave.

 

ps. 在紙牌中Jack 就是 knave

 

 

 

 

 

knead

v. [to work (dough, clay, etc.) into a uniform mixture by pressing, folding, and stretching.]

ex. knead the dough into a ball

 

ps. 說作massage的推,也可以用這個字唷

How to kneed bread dough

 

 

 

 

knit

v.編織 [to make (a garment, fabric, etc.) by interlocking loops of one or more yarns either by hand with knitting needles or by machine]

 

 

ps.

weave vs. knit

weave 像是用於編竹蓆之類的,手工、機械都可以用

knit 用於編毛衣之類的,通常都是指用手織的、用機器不可以用knit

 

"XD..knitting 看起來好難唷"

 

 

 

 

 

 

knotty

knot-y

adj.有結的 [having knots; full of knots]

adj.難解決的 [involved, intricate, or difficult]

ex. a knotty problem.

 

 

"教你打結 tie a knot"

 

ps.

gnarl n.樹木的節;瘤

 

 

 

 

 

 

know-how

n.知識、技術 [knowledge of how to do something; faculty or skill for a particular activity; expertise]

ex. know-how指的是「特別的技術」、有些會翻成「關鍵技術」

ex. Designing a computer requires a lot of know-how.

 

ps.

下面兩個字是較新的字,在字典中可能找不到,不過在工作上可能會遇到唷。

know-why = 技術原理

know-who = 人脈

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

kudos

n.榮譽 [honor, glory; admiration or recognition that someone or something gets as a result of a particular action or achievement.]

ex. he got a great deal of kudos for his work at the university.
他在大學裡貢獻良多,得到許多榮譽。

 

字源: Gk kŷdos "glory, fame, renown"

ps. kudos這個字從字源上說,它是singular的。 ex. Kudos is due her for her brilliant work on the score. 不過,在近代的報紙上會用kudo,把它當作單數形,而把kudos當作複數來用。實際上是不對的,在正式的用法上,要把kudos當作singular來用。

 

 

 

 

 

labile

adj.易發生變化的 [apt or likely to change.]

adj. [ Chemistry . (of a compound) capable of changing state or becoming inactive when subjected to heat or radiation.]

ex. a labile compound.
不穩定化合物

ex. labile equilibrium
不穩平衡

 

聯想:在lab中的試驗品是不穩定的(labile)

 

 

 

 

 

 

labored

labor-ed

adj.吃力的 [done or made with difficulty; heavy]

ex. A short, labored breath
喘息短促而費力的呼吸

 

 

 

 

 

 

labyrinth

n.迷宮 [ an intricate combination of paths or passages in which it is difficult to find one's way or to reach the exit.; a maze]

n.【解】(內耳的)迷路 [A group of complex interconnecting anatomical cavities.]

 

from希臘神話

labyrinth在希臘神話中是一座精心製作的建築物,由名匠Daedalus (代達羅斯) 為Crete (克里特島) 的國王Minos (米諾斯) 所設計,建造於Knossos (克諾索斯) 。這座迷宮用來囚禁Minos的兒子,半人半牛怪物的Minotaur (彌諾陶洛斯) 。Daedalus巧妙地建造這座迷宮,使得在完成後他本人幾乎無法從中逃脫。雅典英雄Theseus (忒修斯) 得到Ariadne (阿里阿德涅) 的襄相,在殺害彌諾陶洛斯後,順著Ariadne的線帶領之下成功逃出迷宮。

Labyrinth這個字經常可以和Maze(迷路)互換使用,但現代專門學者使用更嚴格的定義。對他們而言,Maze是一個遊覽拼圖參觀的形式,有著可以選擇不同路徑與方向的複雜分歧通道;而單一路徑的Labyrinth只有一條唯一的 Eulerian path 到達中心。Labyrinth在中心和原處有條明確的通過路,而不是設計來讓人難以導覽。

 

"trailer《Pan's Labyrinth》羊男的迷宮(2006)"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

lace

n.蕾絲 [a netlike ornamental fabric made of threads by hand or machine.]

n.用來綁緊兩邊的繩子 ex.鞋帶[ A cord or ribbon used to draw and tie together two opposite edges, as of a shoe.]

 

filigree:wire=lace:thread
金銀絲工藝品由金屬絲組成=蕾絲由線組成

 

 

 

 

 

 

lacerate

lacer(to tear up)-ate

v.撕裂 [to tear roughly; mangle]

ex. The barbed wire lacerated his hands.

 

聯想: laser(雷射)可以 lacerate

字源: L lacerātus , ptp. of lacerāre to tear up

 

 

 

 

 

lachrymose

adj.愛哭的、易落淚的 [suggestive of or tending to cause tears]

ex. a lachrymose disposition
生性愛哭

 

聯想:la c h ry mose 其中有 cry 的單字