litter

n.零亂之物; 垃圾 [carelessly discarded refuse]

n. 生下的一窩動物 [ a number of young brought forth by a multiparous(一胎多子的) animal at one birth]

ex. a litter of six kittens.

v.亂丟垃圾 [to strew (a place) with scattered objects]

ex. Please don't litter.
請勿亂扔紙屑雜物。

v.生下一窩動物 [To give birth to (a litter).]

loaf

n. 一條麵包[a portion of bread or cake baked in a mass, usually oblong with a rounded top.]

ex. I bought a loaf of bread at the baker's.
我在面包店裡買了一大塊麵包。

v.遊蕩 [ to idle away time]

ex. He figured the mall was as good a place as any for loafing.

ex. Don't loaf; please get the job done.
別磨磨蹭蹭,請把工作做完。

字源：loaf為什麼會有兩個字義與詞性差這麼多解釋呢。當「一條麵包」是它最原始的解釋。而「遊蕩」是從loafer「遊手好閒的人」反向造字而成。

crust:loaf＝bark:tree

loath

adj.不情願的 [unwilling; reluctant; disinclined; averse]

ex. to be loath to admit a mistake.

ex. He is loath to get out of bed on cold mornings.
在寒冷的早晨他討厭起床。

字源(看看就好)： bef. 900; ME loth, lath, OE lāth hostile, hateful; c. D leed, G leid sorry, ON leithr hateful

loathe

v.厭惡,憎恨 [to feel disgust or intense aversion for; abhor]

ex. I loathe people who spread malicious gossip.

聯想：loath + e 加強版的loath就是厭惡

字源： bef. 900; ME loth ( i ) en, lath ( i ) en, OE lāthian, deriv. of lāth

從字源你可以發現，loath與loathe在發展上是有關連的唷。

dislike:loathing＝pleasure:bliss

lobby

n.大廳 [A hall, foyer , or waiting room at or near the entrance to a building, such as a hotel or theater.]

n.議會聽的公開休息室, [A public room next to the assembly chamber of a legislative body.]

n.遊說團體 [A group of persons engaged in trying to influence legislators or other public officials in favor of a specific cause]

ps. 比方說 environment conservation lobby = 環境保護--遊說團體

ex. the banking lobby; the labor lobby.

v. 進行遊說 [To try to influence the thinking of legislators or other public officials for or against a specific cause]

ex. lobbying for stronger environmental safeguards

lobe

n.中文不知道該叫什麼才好(就有像耳垂形狀的東西) [A rounded projection, especially a rounded, projecting anatomical part]

ex. earlobe =耳垂

ex. lobe of the brain =腦葉

ex. lobe of the lungs = 肺葉

字源： Gk. lobos , lobe, pod(豆莢)

lode

n.礦脈 [The metalliferous ore that fills a fissure in a rock formation; a vein (靜脈、血管) of mineral ore deposited between clearly demarcated layers of rock]

n.豐富的蘊藏 [A rich source or supply.]

字源：lode在中世紀的英文中拼法是 ME. load , 跟carrying是有關係的唷。

聯想：從 lode(礦脈)中挖出來的東西load上車去

ps.1 Lodestar =  北極星 (那是以前人的用法了，現在人用polar star就可以了)

ps.2 Big Dipper = 北斗七星

"有一款遊戲叫Lode Runner"

c.f

lobe  n.有像耳垂形狀的東西

lode  n.礦脈

lope  n/v. 跳躍著奔跑 [跟leap同源]

locale

n.特殊事情發生的地點  [A place, especially with reference to a particular event]

ex. the locale of a crime.

n.小說、電影、等出現的地點 [the scene or setting, as of a novel, play, or motion picture]

ex. The locales in the film of Cape No. 7 mainly are at Kenting.

ex. The director is looking for a suitable locale for his new film.
導演在為新片物色合適的拍攝場地.

字源：alter. of earlier local < F

locus

n.場所 [A locality; a place.]

n. [A center or focus of great activity or intense concentration]

字源：直接保留拉丁字的字型; L. locus place

locomotion

loco( L. locus ; place )-moton

n.移動 [The act of moving from place to place.]

ex. Method of locomotion have improved greatly in recent year, but place to go remain about the same.
移動方式在近幾年來有了很大的改進，但是可去的地方卻依舊不變。

n.移動的能力  [The ability to move from place to place.]

ex. 比方說，指嬰兒開始有移動的能力(locomotion)

locomotive

loco(place)-mot(move)-ive

n. 火車頭 [a self-propelled, vehicular engine, powered by steam, a diesel, or electricity, for pulling or, sometimes, pushing a train or individual railroad cars.]

n.驅動力 [A driving or pulling force; an impetus]

ex. The US could no longer serve as the locomotive for the world economy

adj.運動的, 移動的 [Of, relating to, or involved in locomotion.]

locomotive:flatcar＝tugboat:barge

lofty

adj.高聳的 [extending high in the air; of imposing height]

ex. lofty mountains.

adj.崇高的 [exalted in rank, dignity, or character; eminent .]

ex. He is a man of lofty ideals.
他是一個有崇高理想的人。

adj. [ arrogantly or condescendingly superior in manner; haughty]

review

aloft   adv.在高處;在空中

log

n.砍下來的大樹幹 [A usually large section of a trunk or limb of a fallen or felled tree .]

n.船的速度儀 [A device trailed from a ship to determine its speed through the water.]

n.航海日誌 [A record of a ship's speed, its progress, and any shipboard events of navigational importance.]

ps. 另外被衍用來當飛行紀錄、任何機器的紀錄等等

ex. The captain of the ship entered the details in the log.
船長把詳細情況記入航海日誌中。

v.砍樹 [To cut down, trim, and haul the timber]

v.紀錄 [To enter in a record, as of a ship or an aircraft.]

字源： ME logge , var. of lugge limb of tree ，

為什麼樹幹，會跟船的速度、紀錄有關連呢？因為在從前是用浮木來測量船的速度的(17世紀左右)，then就發展出了「紀錄船速的book」的字義，因而有"紀錄"的用法了。

logistics

n.【軍】後勤學 [the branch of military science and operations dealing with the procurement, supply, and maintenance of equipment, with the movement, evacuation, and hospitalization of personnel, with the provision of facilities and services, and with related matters.]

ps. 一般後勤單位所負責的有：裝備、食物、醫療等等，就很像是管家的工作。

ps.

logistic

adj. 邏輯的

adj.【軍】後勤 (學) 的

要徹底的瞭解會什麼logistic可以當「邏輯的」也可以當「後勤的」，我們先從 logo這個字開始談起。

logo 是圖形、商標的意思。

在希臘文中 Gk. logo 的意思就是word, speech.

而 Gk. logos 則是指 idea, reason，後來也有當「reasoning art」

所以現在的logic adj.邏輯的 就是從這樣而來的，

而logistic的「邏輯的」這個字義也是這樣來的唷。

另外一個分支，logistic 也有從lodge n.小屋 演化出來的 (我們談過dislodge)

但lodge 之前的字義是「提供臨時的住宿給軍隊」

所以logistic 才有當作後勤的意思。