prospect (ˈprɒspɛkt)
pro(forth)-spect(=spec; look)
n.成功的機會; 前景 [a probability or chance for future success]
ex. the prospects for this year's wine harvest are excellent.
ex. The prospects of the car industry are brightening.
n.景色 [a view or scene, esp one offering an extended outlook]
ex. a magnificent prospect of mountain peaks and lakes.
ex. The prospect from the balcony was breathtaking.
v. [search for minerals, gold, oil, etc]
prospective
adj.預期的 [expected to be or to occur]
ex. Prospective students
ex. the prospective changes in the law
c.f. perspective (p.354)
n. 透視法
n. [a way of regarding situations, facts, etc,]
prosperous (ˈprɒspərəs)
pro-sper(hope)-ous
adj.成功的, 興旺的, 繁榮的 [marked by success or economic well-being]
ex. a prosperous country, businessman, industry.
ps. golden, flourishing, and thriving
ps. desperate (p.142)
de-sper(hope)-ate
adj.絕望的 [Having lost all hope; despairing.]
adj.感到絕望而不顧一切的 [Reckless or violent because of despair]
ex. a desperate criminal.
ps. Desperate Housewives 《慾望師奶》
prosperity
pro-sper(hope)-ity
n. 興旺, 繁榮 [state of being successful or rich]
ex. The increase in the country's prosperity was due to the discovery of oil.
prostrate / ˋprɑstret/
adj. [stretched out with face on the ground in adoration or submission]
ex. The prisoners were forced to lie prostrate.
adj. [ completely overcome and lacking vitality, will, or power to rise ]
ps. orz...
ex. She was prostrate with grief after his death.
ex. The country, prostrate after years of war, began slowly to recover.
ps. 也有當動詞的用法
ps. prone and supine
protagonist
prot(=protos; first)-agon(act;動、打)-ist
n.主角 [the principal character in a literary work (as a drama or story)]
n.領導者 [leader or advocate of a cause]
在希臘的戲劇中protagonist是指leading actor主角,
prot=proto-(主要,第一) + agon(動、打) +ist -->主角
而後來變成社會運動的提倡者,ex.女權運動
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antagonist
而主角的敵手稱ant-agon-ist
ant i -agon-ist
n.敵手、對手 (p.17)
常見的衍生字有
agony n.極度痛苦
antagonism n.敵意 [hostility]
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protean /ˋprotɪən/
adj.變化無常的 [of or resembling Proteus in having a varied nature or ability to assume different forms]
源於︰Proteus ,一個能任意改變自己外形的海神
Proteus:海神Poseidon 的兒子,善於變身之術,能知過去未來。
Proteus在埃及附近的一個海島上為其父Poseidon 放牧海豹。
Proteus能預見未來,能變出各種形狀,但如果你抓住他不放,等到他恢復原形時,他便會回答你向他提出的問題。這裡的關鍵是Proteus所具有的各異的形狀。
海神Poseidon
他是Zeus(宙斯)的哥哥,地位僅次於宙斯。他的羅馬名字是Neptune,九大行星中的海王星。
他與宙斯一同戰勝了父親Cronus(克洛斯)之後,一同分割世界,他負責掌管海洋,以三戟主宰水域,在水上擁有無上的權威,是大地的動搖者。他能呼喚或平息暴風雨,輕易地令任何船隻粉碎。
Poseidon曾經與Athena雅典娜爭奪雅典,可惜最後還是敗給雅典娜。一怒之下,他曾經用洪水淹沒雅典。在爭奪雅典時,他變出第一匹馬,所以他也是馬匹的保護神。
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prototype
proto(first)-type
n.原型 [an original model on which something is patterned]
ex. a prototype supersonic aircraft
ps. a google self-drive prototype car.
ps. archetype arche(主要的)-type(p.35)
ps. C++ 的function
protocol
n.外交禮節 [system of rules governing formal occasions, eg meetings between governments, diplomats, etc; official etiquette]
ex. The delegates have to be seated according to protocol. 代表們須按禮儀要求就座
字源:from M.L. protocollum "draft," lit. "the first sheet of a volume" (on which contents and errata were written), from Gk. protokollon "first sheet glued onto a manuscript," from protos "first" + kolla "glue."
protest
pro-test(witness)
n. [a solemn declaration of opinion and usually of dissent]
v. [express strong disagreement or disapproval about]
protract
v. [make (sth) last a long time or longer; lengthen or prolong (p.379)]
ex. Let's not protract the debate any further. 我們不要再繼續爭論下去
ex. to protract delays, discussions, questioning
字源: from L.L. protractionem "a drawing out or lengthening," from pp. stem of protrahere, from pro- "forward" + trahere "to draw".
Etymologically identical with portray , which was altered in French.
protuberance
pro-tuber(swelling)-ance (ps. 我們在p.126有稍微談過唷)
n. [A protuberance is a rounded part that sticks out from the surface of something.]
protuberant
pro-tuber(swelling)-ant
adj. [bulging out beyond the surrounding surface; protruding]
ex. protuberant eyes.